Generic skills in accounting education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Generic skills in accounting education - Essay Example purpose, the accountants need to possess certain generic skills that will aid them not only to attain the above stated objective but also to develop their career in the respective field (Willcoxson & et. al., 2010). Thus, it will be vital to mention that the generic skills are quite essential in the field of accounting education for imparting them with effective technical knowledge towards the attainment of predetermined individual targets (Montano & et al., 2005). Thus, based on the above stated facts, the prime intent of this essay is to identify along with analyse the persistence of varied generic skills and their influence in the sphere of accounting education. Furthermore, the essay concludes by providing a detailed understanding about the level of further preparation required in improving the identified generic skills so as to attain the desired targets of the graduates or the learners of accounting education. Based on the observation made by Keneley & Jackling (2011), the above discussed generic skills can be segregated into two particular segments. These segments comprise cognitive and behavioural skills. In this regard, cognitive skills entail analytic capabilities, critical thinking as well as writing qualities and making complex along with creative judgements. On the other hand, behavioural skills often comprise personal and interpersonal capabilities (Keneley & Jackling, 2011). Based on this similar perspective, Jackling & Lange (2009) pointed out certain skills that are required to be possessed by the accountants in this modern globalised era. These skills are identified to be personal along with interpersonal skills, communication skills, problem-solving capabilities, analytic along with team skills and time management. Arguably, the formation and the advancement of soft skills like interpersonal, communication, problem-solving, critical judgement and analytical capabilities are d uly considered to be quite vital in the circumstance of reforming

Biological Theories of Aging Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biological Theories of Aging - Research Paper Example This paper briefly explains some of the biological theories of aging mentioned above. Simple Deterioration Theory argues that Aging is the accumulative result of universal deteriorative processes such as oxidation, molecular damage, wear and tear, or accumulation of adverse byproducts (Goldsmith, p.3). Even though man and machine are two entirely different things, both of them have certain similarities in their functioning. No machine is able to function more than particular period of time because of the wear and tear due to continuous work. Same way bodies of the living things are also undergoing continuous work which causes damages to the parts of the body. Even though we refill the fuels in the form of food, nutrients and water, there are certain limitations for the body of the living things to survive for a longer period. In chemistry, most of the chemical reactions yield products and by-products. These by-products are not necessarily the intended one. Same way our body chemistry also yields different by-products which are harmful to our health and may reduce our life span. At the same time we cannot avoid the production of such by-products Non-programmed theory of aging believes that aging is a passive result of an organism’s inability to better resist fundamental deteriorative processes. Moreover aging serves no purpose, is not an adaptation, and is not programmed (Goldsmith, p.8). Our body is undergoing lot of changes and processes virtually in very seconds. Most of the activities inside our body are beyond our control. For example, the pumping of blood by the heart is not done with our permission. We cannot stop any of the internal functions. Everything inside our body is tuned to do certain things and any malfunctions occur inside our body may result in diseases. We are passive observers of our body functions. â€Å"Organisms are purposely designed and genetically programmed to age or

International Securities and Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International Securities and Finance - Essay Example mediary used insider information to trade securities of the companies outlined, as they were price affected and thus make high profits than the normal traders (Suzi , 2014). Insider dealing is under the FSA and Securities regulation in the UK. It has been a criminal offense since the year 1985 and currently it is incorporated under the criminal justice Act 1993 Part V. Information that is not available to all parties in the market is deemed asymmetric as traders could use it for their personal gains and make high profits. Efforts have been done overtime to tighten up laws on insider dealing but still there are some who go unprosecuted. Insider dealing is said to be a criminal offense when; the information on hand is price sensitive to the shares trading in the market and when an individual encourages someone else to pass the inside information or deal with the shares that are price sensitive and finally when the dealing takes place through a professional trader or broker and on a regulated market (out-law.com, 2014). For most of the times, people have always thought that insider trading is always illegal, but there are some circumstances where it is legal where the officers, employees, directors, buy and sell stock in their own companies and they report to the reporting authorities of their actions. However, it becomes illegal where the buying and selling of securities involves a breach of fiduciary duty or trust and confidence while in possession of material information that is not available to the whole market. Insider trading is said to undermine investors’ confidence in the market as it does not in any way promote integrity and fairness with some gaining more than others gain. Thus, the relevant authorities should be more stringent in regulating the trading of securities in the market by prosecuting those involved in insider dealings (Mirranda, 2013). The security markets within the UK have faced a lot of criticism from members of the public as issues of

Implementation of Supply Chain Management Essay Example for Free

Implementation of Supply Chain Management Essay Supply chain management is an oversight of processes when moving goods from the stage of customer order to the raw material stage and it includes the supply, production and distribution of products to the customer. Every organization has supply chain of different levels, depending upon their size and type of product they are manufacturing. Their aim is to provide the customer with enough information necessary to give the value that they demand and to gain the information regarding the customer too. The ultimate goal for any supply chain management is to reduce its inventory. For a successful supply chain, software systems are provided with web interfaces to provide the customer with enough information they demand. Hershey Foods Corporation and NIKE inc. are both very renowned organizations, one known for its food products and the other for athletic footwear, equipment and accessories for sports and fitness activities. Both of these organizations adopted supply chain management systems in order to lower down their inventories and to increase their profit. But both of them failed in achieving their objective which was to reduce the inventories. The main mistake made by Hershey Food Corporation was, that they hired a supply chain system costing $112 million from SAP AG, Manugistics, and Siebel systems. The supply chain system was supposed to put in data of everything from production to delivery. But getting software from three different providers created unpredicted delays and complex problems in implementation. Also, another mistake made by the organization was that they implemented the whole system at once instead of in stages. So therefore they faced problems in placing the orders and then executing them to warehouse for fulfillment. The problem faced by NIKE, inc. was a bit more complex, as said by 12 technologies marketing Chief Katrina Roche â€Å"NIKE problems were not tied to the software but to the way the software was installed. † (Sridharan, Caines, Patterson, 2005) Moreover he says that his company accepts the responsibility for â€Å"not being more aggressive in telling them that they needed to follow our implementation methodology. † (Sridharan, Caines, Patterson, 2005) 12 technologies wanted to track each and every little product of NIKE which made the job more complex and therefore it took their time more than they had expected. The NIKE people made the same mistake as Hershey foods, that they implemented the system before they were ready to execute it. (Sridharan, Caines, Patterson, 2005) So overall at initial stage supply chain systems were a bad experience for Hershey Foods and NIKE, Inc. There are certain things which if the company would have followed then hopefully the things must have been the other way round. First of all only one supply chain system provider must be hired for the software, as more than one supply chain systems for same job results in failure. Then provider’s implementation methodology is very important for client to follow in supply chain systems especially when they are modified to suit client’s requirement. More over supply chain systems are very complex as they have to track over numbers of product varieties so therefore it must be implemented in stages rather than executing it at once. And if the company is switching from one system to another then first the system should be tested in order to check whether it is fulfilling the company’s requirements or not. ?

Mandatory National Service Debate in the US

Mandatory National Service Debate in the US Many countries require all young adults to serve two or more years in the military as a way of providing security to their country and as a rite of passage as a citizen. The United States however does not. The closest thing to mandatory service is selective service, and until recently that only applied to male citizens age 18-25. The idea of mandatory service has gained momentum in the last few years and many lawmakers have proposed that the United States adopt this policy. Some are opposed to the idea of mandatory military service, and I agree deciding to risk your life in the defense of your country should be a personal choice, not an obligation. However, the Peace Corps, AmeriCorps, Habitat for Humanity, and Teach for America are all programs that supports our country, develops unity, and teaches young adults valuable work skills. The pre-amble to the constitution talks about the responsibility we have as citizens to establish justice, provide for common defense, and promote gener al welfare, and We the People means everyone equally. Most will agree that democracy only works when citizens are involved and unified with a common purpose. John F. Kennedy once said, ask not what your country can do for you-ask what you can do for your country (Kennedy). Unity starts with equality and equality starts with mandatory national service. It is a simple idea; one or two years of national service should become a countrywide requirement for all young adults as way to build unity, develop a sense of identity and provide a valuable service to their community. Most people can agree that America is more divided than ever; we lack unity and commitment to our democracy. The only way we can effectively unify and regain our sense of community is through mandatory national service. Wars unfortunately bind people together, build a sense of community and provides a common purpose, Veterans of any war share a common experience, the intensity of which creates strong and enduring relationships (Grigsby). However, war is not what binds these people together, it is the sense of service to their nation, community, each other and the greater good. Much like the military, programs like the Peace Corp and AmeriCorps show signs of creating loyalty and unity among participants. These programs bring together people of different races and backgrounds to solve complex problems that face their communities and if not for this program, their paths may have never crossed, Service creates an opportunity to work on problems of public concern and participate in the lives of others whose paths one might otherwise never cross in a structured and supportive environment (Frumkin and Miller). In addition, it garners respect and empathy for others, Some evidence exists to suggest that full-time AmeriCorps members acquire valuable civic attributes, such as cultivating respect for others (Reingold and Lenkowsky). Many great people have said, there is no greater honor than service to your country, and commitment to a cause greater than yourself. Some argue that Americans should not have to earn their citizenship through mandatory service and is a violates their freedoms or a form of slavery; even if they choose how they serve. Many leverage the 13th amendment in opposition to mandatory national service, which states, Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted shall exist in the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction (Pauwels).ÂÂ   I agree that our constitution affords us this right, and many other rights; the right to free speech, freedom of religion and the right to pursue life, liberty, and happiness. However, I feel that with these rights comes responsibility. The responsibility of all citizens to support and defend our constitution, be active in our communities and be involved in the democratic process. Today two things represent citizenship in America, voting and paying taxes. A government of the people, for the peopl e and by the people certainly implies more commitment. Others believe that mandatory service delays education and work opportunities. However, I contend that national service provides both. Many of the programs available provide current volunteers with opportunities to learn valuable life and work skills that will only enhance their education and growth, One benefit of national service it thus thought to reside in its ability to open up the minds of young people to the full range of life choices available to them. While they may think, they are working for others, they may end up learning about themselves (Frumkin and Miller). There is no greater life experience than witnessing and understanding the struggle of others. Regardless of our position on mandatory national service, I think we can agree that it is vital to maintaining unity, equality, and our democracy. Mandatory national service ensures We the People are involved in protecting the freedoms we enjoy as Americans. In addition, the life skills, and the opportunity for young people to see issues from a different perspective only enhances the long-term education of our youth. I will agree, there are some issues with mandated national service, like mandated military service. As I stated before, the decision to risk your life for your country should be a choice one makes, not an obligation. However, believe that all Americans should be required to serve at least one or two years in other programs that support our country and protects our democracy. References Frumkin, Peter and Brendan Miller. Visions of National Service. Society 45.5 (2008): 436-443. ProQuest. Web. 20 Dec 2016. Frumkin and Miller discuss how national service has alternatively been a way to promote an active and engaged citizenship, accelerate personal growth, social capital and meet critical social needs. Grigsby, Carol A. Binding the Nation: National Service in America. Parameters 38.4 (2008): 109-123. ProQuest. Web. 14 Dec 2016. Grigsby discusses how soldiers have a connection to each other because of war, a life-long bond because they have seen and experienced the same thing. Kennedy, John F. Inagrual Address. 1961. Web. 22 Dec 2016. . Kennedys inaugural address discusses issues that face all Americans regardless of party, and how we only succeed if we work together. Pauwels, Andrew M. Mandatory National Service: Creating Generations of Civic Minded Citizens. Notre Dame Law Review 88.5 (2013). ProQuest. Web. 20 Dec 2016. Pauwels discusses the legality of mandatory service and articles of the constitution that specifically address involuntary servitude. Reingold, David A. and Leslie Lenkowsky. The Future of National Service. Public Administration Review 70.S1 (2010): S114-S121. ProQuest. Web. 20 Dec 2016. Reingold discusses the pros and cons of national service and leverages several studies to show the benefits and issues with AmeriCorps.

Intravenous therapy is an infusion of medicine and fluids into vein

Intravenous therapy is an infusion of medicine and fluids into vein BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Intravenous therapy is an infusion of medicine and fluids into a vein. IV therapy is essential part of clinical use. There are also complications which included in IV infusion are local and systemic, local include thrombophlebitis, infiltration, extravasations, nerve injury and systemic include bacteremia, septicemia, emboli, thrombus, circulatory overload etc . Thrombophlebitis,Thrombo means clot Phlebo means vein and itis means inflammation. Thrombophlebitis refers to the presence of a clot plus inflammation in the vein. Phlebitis is defined as the acute inflammation of internal lining of the vein Infusion Nursing Standards of Practice (2000). According to international association of pain (IASP) (1994), pain is an unpleasant sensory experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage. The pain is classified as nociceptive, neuropathic, acute and chronic pain. The nociceptive pain is caused due to damage to somatic or visceral tissue damage which pain from surgical incision ,a broken bone, or arthritis ,the neuropathic pain is caused by damage to peripheral nerves or CNS which include trauma, inflammation ,metabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus, tumors, toxins, and neurologic diseases such as multiple sclerosis and acute pain is dure to post operative pain ,labour pain, and pain from trauma and the chronic pain is for longer periods due to cancer. Pain is a highly unpleasant and professional sensation that cannot be shared with others. It can occupy all a personal thinking, direct all activities and change a person. Yet pain is a difficult concept for a client to communicate. Pain is universal experience its exact nature becomes mystery. Unrelieved pain presents both physiological and psychological hazards to health and recovery. Care givers should include assessment of pain as a fifth vital sign to emphasize its significance and to increase the awareness among the health care professional of the importance of effective pain management. There are many non pharmacological measures which is provided including massage, exercise, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, accupunture heat therapy, cold therapies, and cognitive therapies including distraction ,hypnosis and relaxation strategies. Edema which is the accumulation of fluid in subcutaneous tissue due to extracellular volume expansion. There is swelling of tissues which can be demonstrated by pressing lightly with the thumb over a bony prominence especially on dorsum of feet and around the ankles. The types of edema include hydrostatic edema, oncotic edema, inflammatory and traumatic edema and lymphatic edema. Phlebitis can be classified into 3 three categories which include mechanical, chemical and bacterial where mechanical is due to the size of cannula is too big for the selected vein causing unnecessary friction on the internal lining leading to inflammation, chemical phlebitis is due to peripheral IV devices when the medication or solution irritate the endothelial lining of the small peripheral vessel wall and bacterial phlebitis is usually precursor to an infection at the infection site. Thrombophlebitis is evident by localized pain,redness, warmth, and swelling around the insertion site or along the path of the vein,immobility of the extremity because of discomfort and swelling. Non pharmacological treatment includes discontinuing the IV, applying a warm compress, elevating of the extremity, and restraining the line in the opposite extremity .In the presence of signs and symptoms of thrombophlebitis, one should not attempt to irrigate the line. Pharmacological and non pharmacological agents are available for relief of pain, edema and inflammation. The cost and side effects are comparatively high in modern medicine. The number of client seeking unconventional treatment has risen considerably. Nonpharmocological therapies, natural therapies, cryotherapies, and aromatherapies are available with less expensive and fewer side effects. Likewise in combact aloveragel is also very much used in reducing pain, edema and severity of inflammation. For local treatment in order to relieve pain, edema and severity of inflammation alovera gel can be used. Since in the era of Ancient Egypt humans having using aloe. They used one of the ingredients of embalming fluid. In the tenth century, the Europeans were introduced, where it became an important ingredient in many herbal medicines. By the sixteenth century, aloe arrived in the West Indies, where still today it is harvested. Alovera is one of the therapeutic herbs as a healing plant. The uses of aloe of popularized in 1950s itself.There are over 300 different types of aloe, but only a few were used traditionally as an herbal medicine. In the middle ages the yellowish liquid found inside the leaves was a favored as purgative. Aloevera gel is the mucilaginious gel produced from the centre (the parenchyma) of the plant leaf. It contains 400 species.The gel portion of the plant is prepared by peeling the outer portion of the skin and the pericap away. It is preparation which is called pure aloevera gel in commerce. Aloevera is thick, tapered with spiny leaves grow from a short stalk near ground level. It is not a cactus, but a member of the tree Lilly family known as Aloe Barbandesis. Some species , in particular Aloevera are used in alternative medicine and in home first aid .Both the translucent inner pulp and the resinous yellow exudates from wounding the Aloe plant are used externally to relive skin disc omforts. The gel found in the leaves is used for soothing minor burns, wounds and various skin conditions like eczema and ringworm. Aloevera gel has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. The constituents include gibberlin,lectins,lignins,glucose ,mannose, glucuronic acid other polysaccharides including galctogalacturans and galactoglucoarabinomannas.The most abundant constituents is water(99%).The aloevera gel contain anti-inflammatory agent gibberlin and polysaccharides which effectively decrease inflammation and promote healing.Aloevera effectively relieves pain because it contain salicylic acid .Aloevera contain ligin which helps to penetrate deeply into skin to deliver its therapeutic effects. Most of the nursing interventions fit comfortably within the real of the natural therapys the illness healing paradigm shift and converge, and role of nurses shifts can gives to the healer. Therefore aloevera gel could be a suitable intervention which helps the nurse to reduce pain, edema and phlebitis. NEED FOR THE STUDY IV therapy has become a pervasive world wide as a routine therapy. Nurses yearly still insert, use and monitor millions of peripheral venous catheters (PVC).To diagnose and assess phlebitis severity is essential as a way to prevent a host of severe complications such as septic phlebitis, bacteremia, septicemia, arthritis, osteomyleitis eventually leading to death. However it is still prone to associated complications, of which phlebitis is most common, with prevalence varying between 20% to 80% Workman (2000). Villicampa (2008)Spanish review a national multicentric epidemiological study having the institutional participation of 10 centres. In this study 381 complications appears in the 2701 peripheral catheters studied which represents an incidence level of 14.11%.They reviewed 8700 treatment records this study proved that implementation of strategies to improve the quality of care reduces non instrumental complication persistent pain at the entrance point ,extravasations of edema, second or third degree phlebitis and infection associated with catheters. Nassaji Zaveareh (2007) conducted a prospective study on peripheral interventions catheter related factor .In this study 300 patients admitted to medical and surgical wards from April 2003 to Feb2004 were participated. Variables evaluated were age ,gender, site and size of catheter ,type of insertion and underlying condition were observed for 3 days continuously. Out of that 26 % occurred phlebitis . There were no significant relationship between age catheter bore size trauma and phlebitis. Related risk factors were gender,ie.,female site and type of insertion of catheter, diabetes mellitus and burns. Important role of nurse is to control pain that of thrombophlebitis. The quality of care received in the hospital was often reflected in client care. Among paramedical profession, nursing personals were inserting intravenous line, monitoring, administering intravenous fluids and administering medicines. Maintenance of peripheral intravenous cannulae and removal of peripheral cannulae was an integral component of nursing care. Nordell, et al.,(2002)in a study of 52 patients, found 5 diagnosed cases of thrombophlebitis (10% ) .Out of fifty two patients twenty six hand or wrist venipunctures, he found 3 with thrombophlebitis.Also he had done Fifteen forearm punctures produced the other 2 cases of phlebitis while of the eleven patients undergoing antecubital fossa venipuncture, none were found to have developed thrombophlebitis. The reported incidences of thrombophlebitis vary from a low of 2% 21 up to 15%.33.One well-controlled Swedish study of over 1000 cases reported venous complications of many types at 31% is having thrombophlebitis. Singh , Bhandary ( 2007) , Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Teaching Hospital, Nepal carried out a prospective observational study to determine the occurrence of peripheral intravenous catheter related phlebitis and to the possible factors associated to its development.A total 230 patients under intravenous catheter were selected peripheral infusion site was examined for signs of phlebitis once a day using jackson Standard visual phlebitis scale and the result obtained was 136(59.1%)patients developed thrombophlebitis. Related risk factors as found in the present study were insertion site (forearm), size of catheter (20G) and dwell time (>=36 hours). There were higher incident of phlebitis among the client with Intra venous drug administration and especially between ages 21 40 years. Therefore more attention and care are needed in these areas by the care provider. In another study the overall phlebitis rate was 39%. Phlebitis developed in 53% of patients with short lines, in 41% of patients with midsized lines, and in 10% of patients with long lines, and these catheters remained in place an average (Â ± SD) of 3.0 Â ± 2.4 days, 4.6 Â ± 3.4 days, and 7.8 Â ± 6.6 days, respectively. The variables that influenced the development of phlebitis, as determined by multivariate analysis, type of catheter, blood hemoglobin levels, and IV therapy with either corticosteroids or erythromycin Lutter et al.,conducted a retrospective survey to identify the complication of venous catheterization in the left lower limb and right lower limb for 1,143 patients. Patients occurred phlebitis in 56% in left lower limb 51% in right lower limb. Aloevera has salicylic acid which include in analgesic effects, it contains ligin which helps to penetrate deeply into skin to deliver the therapeutic effects, it contain anti-inflammatory agent gibberlin and polysaccharides which decrease inflammation and promote healing. Netherlands, conducted a prospective study on treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis with aloevera gel in relieving the local pain, swelling and redness. In this 116 patients were selected with thrombophlebitis and applied for a period of 3 days. The efficacy of aloevera was recorded. There is a drastic improvement in patient received aloevera gel as treatment than the control group Winchers IM (2005). The investigator selected this study because during her clinical experience has observed the many patients who had admitted in the hospital with cannula, developed the catheter related complications such as blockage, pain, redness and thrombophlebitis. This incidence insists the investigator to do some intervention to overcome this problem. Nurses need to be equipped with current interventional skills in relieving the pain, edema severity of inflammation and to prevent and treat complications.Hence the investigator interested in assessing the effectiveness of aloveragel in thrombophlebitis patients in reducing pain, edema, and severity of inflammation. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: A study to assess the effectiveness of aloveragel in reducing pain, edema and severity of inflammation among thrombophlebitis patients in selected hospitals at Kanyakumari District May 2010. OBJECTIVES To assess the pretest level of pain, edema and severity of inflammation for the experimental and control group. To assess the post test level of pain, edema and severity of inflammation in experimental and control group. To compare the pre test level of thrombophlebitis between experimental and control group. To compare the posttest level of thrombophlebitis between the experimental and control group. To compare the pre and post test level of thrombophlebitis for both the experimental group. To compare the pre and post test level of thrombophlebitis for both the control group. To associate the post test level of thrombophlebitis of the experimental and ontrol group with their selected demographic variables. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION Assess Systematically and collecting, validating and communicating the patient data. Effectiveness: In this study effectiveness means reduction of pain and edema and severity of inflammation of thrombophlebitis patients after the administration of aloveragel. Pain Refers the discomfort and irritability felt by the patient intravenous infusion site due to inflammation of vein and it is assessed by numerical pain scale. Edema Refers to the swelling in the infusion site and assessed by edema scale. Phlebitis: Refers to the redness which is occurred due to the intravenous infusion and is assessed by phlebitis scale. Aloeveagel: Refers to green leaves when it is teared which contain semi solid liquid and is applied in affected site. ASSUMPTION Pain,edema and severity of inflammation among thrombophlebitis can be reduced in adults by applying Aloveragel. Patient with thrombophlebitis at intravenous infusion site have pain , edema and inflammation . HYPOTHESIS RH1 There is a significant difference in pre test level of pain, edema and severity of inflammation between experimental and control group. RH2 There is a significant difference in post test level of pain, edema and severity of inflammation between experimental and control group. RH3 There is a significant difference in pre and post test level of pain, edema and severity inflammation among thrombophlebitis patients in experimental group. RH4 There is a significant difference in pre and post test level of pain, edema and severity of inflammation among thrombophlebitis patients for control group. RH5 There is a significant association of post test level of pain, edema and severity of inflammation among thrombophlebitis patients with their selected demographic variables (age, sex, site,duration etc). DELIMITATION The study is delimited for 4 weeks of data collection. The study is limited to a sample of 60 adults. CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK Conceptual model presents certain views of phenomena in the world that have profound influences on our perception of that world. A model is a simplification of reality or representation of reality. Concepts in the model builds consider relevant and as aids to understanding. The study is mainly focused to find out the effectiveness of aloeveragel in reducing pain,edema and severity of inflammation among thrombophlebitis patients. In order to reduce pain,edema and severity of inflammation aloveragel was applied. The investigator adopted the Kings Goal Attainment theory (1980) as a base for developing the conceptual framework. Imogene Kings Goal attainment theory is based on the personnel and interpersonal systems, including interaction, perception, communication, transaction, role, stress, growth and development, time and action. PERCEPTION: Refers to person representation of reality. It is universal yet highly subjective and unique to each person. Hence the investigator perception was peoples may have pain,edema and severity of inflammation JUDGEMENT: The investigator judged that application of aloeveragel reduces pain,edemaand severity of inflammation thrombophlebitis patients. The investigator to judge the need to reduce the level of pain,edema and severity of inflammation. ACTION: The investigator applied aloeveragel. The thrombophlebitis patient willingness to accept aloeveaagel and participate in the study. REACTION: The investigator and to asset mutual goal setting. INTERACTION: Refers to verbal and non verbal behavior of individual and the environment or two or more individual with a purpose to achieve goal. It includes the goal directed perception and communication. Here the investigator interacts with the thrombophlebitis patient by giving aloeveragel applied 3 times per day. TRANSACTION: Refers to an observable, purposeful behavior of individual interaction with their environment to achieve the desired goal. At this stage the investigator analysis the pain,edema and severity of inflammation among thrombophlebitis patients in order to administer aloeveragel application.The positive outcome in post test is the reduction of pain,edema and severity of inflammation which indicate the aloeveragel application. OUT LINE OF THE REPORT The report is divided into 6 Chapters: Chapter I dealt with background of the study, need for the study, statement of the problem, objectives, operational definitions, research hypotheses, assumptions, delimitations of the study, conceptual framework and outline of the report. Chapter II relates with review of related literature pertaining to various areas of study. Chapter III contains with the research design, variables, setting of the study, population, sample, sample size, sampling technique, criteria for sample selection, development and description of the tool, content validity, reliability of the tool, pilot study, procedure for data collection and analysis of the study. Chapter IV presents the data analysis and interpretation of data Chapter V relates with discussion based on the findings of the study. Chapter VI includes summary, conclusions, nursing implications, limitations and recommendations of the study. The report ends with bibliography and appendices.

Money Cannot Substitute Passion :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

Money Cannot Substitute Passion "Tuan, this is the last time I'm going to tell you, you better clean the house." said my father. "I'll do it later," I replied. "Later?" he said. "Why don't you just make some money and hire a maid to do it. Then you don't have to worry about it!" Coming from a blue-collar background, my father constantly reminded me of the importance of money. It was many years ago that he arrived in this country, carrying me in one arm and his hopes and dreams on the other. It was upon arriving in the advertised land of opportunity that he quickly learned that money was the only ticket to upward mobility. It was rough in the beginning. My father was forced to scrape and save in hopes of providing us with a better home. A family of four, we shared a bedroom in which we all slept together, never separated by more than a few inches apart. We did not have much except the daily warmth and undying devotion for one another. Through diligence and sacrifice, his hard work paid off and newfound success smiled upon us, changing our lives forever. As our new home quickly filled with all the luxuries and amenities the newly reaped profits and investments could afford, it seemed to become emptier to me. Money soon became a substitute for our slowly vanishing relationships. Lazy Sundays spent with him at the Japanese gardens feeding goldfish were replaced by late nights at the store and a brand spanking new widescreen television. The once friendly dinner table where our lives were intertwined through bowels of rice porridge and bean sprouts was abandoned for meals in seclusion. We ate not together, but in our own rooms. The doors and the walls sealing us off in our own separate worlds, closing us off from one another, and hence leaving only a bad taste lingering inside of me. It was not until I left home for college that I was able to fully comprehend what was happening. You see, I lived on the inside and my father lived on the outside. Standing on the hilltop of the university, I am able to look out and see all the possibilities my brick and ivy education has opened up for me.